Mperature loss of molten steel may be calculated. Q t T = = (12) mC p mCP exactly where: T would be the Vatalanib Autophagy temperature distinction of molten steel, C; Q would be the total heat transferred by OSS, J; m may be the good quality of molten steel, kg; CP will be the certain heat capacity of molten steel, J/kg C; t would be the time of a furnace age beneath operating circumstances, s. The drop price of molten steel temperature could be calculated by Formula (13). V = T t (13)exactly where: V may be the drop price of steel molten temperature, C/min; T may be the temperature difference of molten steel, C; t is definitely the time of a furnace age below operating situations, s. Associated parameter values are shown in Table 7.Table 7. Associated parameter values for Formulas (12) and (13). Parameter m t CP (1600 C) Worth 0.717 106 W 1.30 105 kg 5400 s 0.837 103 J/kg CTo sum up, within a furnace age, the test ladle saves 16.67 C of molten steel temperature loss than the comparison ladle. The calculated final results on the mathematical model are very close to the 18.eight C drop of steel water temperature measured in Reference [40], the main purpose for the distinction of 2.13 C is the fact that the thermal conductivity from the insulation layer is 0.042 W/mK, ladle walls transfer heat outward speedily. The molten steel drop price on the test ladle is 0.18 C/min reduced than the comparison ladle (see Appendix A for calculation method of temperature loss of molten steel).Coatings 2021, 11,13 of3.two.two. Measuring Result Table eight shows the actual measured drop rate of steel molten temperature.Table 8. Actual molten steel temperature drop rate. Steel Ladle Condition Comparison ladle Test ladle Comparison ladle Test ladle(a) (d)A (a) (Furnace Age) Early stage (ten) later stage (5100)N (b) (Furnace) 24 23 18T (c) ( C) 1585.four 1583.1 1584.9 1585.T (d) ( C) 1577.1 1576.6 1577.2 1579.T (e) (min) 15.4 15.7 14.eight 15.( C/min) 0.54 0.41 0.52 0.V (f)The stage of steel ladle; (b) Total quantity of steel ladle furnaces collected; (c) Typical temperature of molten steel following soft blowing; Typical temperature of molten steel on continuous caster platform; (e) Temperature measurement interval. (f) Temperature drop price of molten steel.It could be Sapanisertib supplier noticed from Table 8, when the steel ladle furnace age is ten, the temperature drop prices of comparison ladle and test ladle are 0.54 C/min and 0.41 C/min, respectively, the distinction temperature drop prices of is 0.13 C /min. when the steel ladle furnace age is 5100; the temperature drop prices of comparison ladle and test ladle are 0.52 C/min and 0.40 C/min, respectively, the distinction temperature drop rates of is 0.12 C /min. For that reason, when the steel ladle furnace age is 100, the temperature drop price in the test ladle is often 0.12.13 C/min decrease than comparison ladle. As outlined by the calculating model, the molten steel drop price from the test ladle is 0.18 C/min reduced than the comparison ladle in a furnace age. The difference of molten steel temperature drop price amongst test ladle and comparison ladle is 0.05.06 C/min lower than obtained by calculation model. The explanation is the fact that the thermal insulation effect from the test ladle is improved than comparison ladle, the heat loss of your ladle wall is modest, the molten steel temperature is high, plus the heat loss from the ladle slag layer and bottom is higher than the comparison ladle. Having said that, within the mathematical calculation model, the heat loss with the slag layer as well as the ladle bottom is just not considered, only the heat loss of ladle wall is thought of [41]. three.three. Cost Comparison In the produc.
